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328 Study Questions: Kolln Chapter Eight:
"Sentence Modifiers."
Vocabulary (see
pages 369-84 of Kolln):
absolute phrase, broad-reference clause, direct address,
elliptical clause, idiomatic expression, independent
modifier, interjection, metadiscourse, relative clause,
sentence appositive, sentence modifier, subordinate clause,
vocative
Questions:
- According to the chapter preview,
how how sentence modifiers different from the modifiers
we sawin chapter five, six, and seven?
- According to the chapter preview, how
do most grammar books handle sentence-level modifier?
Do they treat them as a particular part of speech or
as fulfilling a particular role in the sentence? If
so, what?
- Explain the difference in meaning between
these two sentences when we look at the word unfortunately.
Geoffrey unfortunately could not tell
the difference between almond extract and cyanide.
Unfortunately, Geoffrey could not tell
the difference between almond extract and cyanide
Clearly,
Susan made a gesture that offended the near-sighted
nun.
Susan clearly made a gesture that offended the near-sighted
nun.
- In which sentence is unfortunately a sentence-level modifier? How does your book suggest
we diagram unfortunately when
it
is functioning in that way?
- How can commas help us identify sentence-level
modifiers?
- According to page 206 of Kolln and
Funk, why should we treat phrases like having said
that and to tell the truth as idiomatic?
How does the textbook suggest we diagram them?
- On page 207, what punctuation mark
typically sets off a vocative phrase?
- In the following sentences, which one
contains a vocative phrase and which one contains
an appositive phrase?
-
One of my brothers, Jerry, is a taxidermist
who specializes in hedgehogs.
Are you listening to me, Jerry? One of my brothers
is a taxidermist who specializes in hedgehogs.
I have an unusual phobia, a fear of being eaten by voracious
hell-beetles, that prevents me from pursuing a degree
in entomology.
A fear of being eaten by voracious hell-beetles, George?
What kind of phobia is that?
- What is an interjection? Provide an example. What punctuation
mark typically accompanies an interjection?
- On pages 207-08, why do the authors
of your textbook dislike the traditional categorization
of
interjections
as one of the eight parts of speech?
- How does the punctuation of subordinate
clauses compare to the punctuation of restrictive/non-restrictive
distinctions made earlier in chapter six?
- Possible Lecture Question:
How do Funk and Kolln's guidelines for punctuation
with subordinate
clauses with even though and although compare or contrast
with Dr. Wheeler's rule of thumb on these issues?
- What is an elliptical clause? How can elliptical clauses
potentially create dangling
modifiers?
- What is an absolute phrase? Provide an example.
- What is a nominative absolute? (trick question!)
- How is an absolute phrase or a nominative absolute
useful in comparison to a because clause?
- What famous example of a confusing absolute phrase
does our textbook offer from the Constitution?
- Give an example of an absolute phrase acting as a postnoun
modifier.
- Which of the following sentences uses an absolute phrase
and which uses an appositive?
Admiral Toth destroyed the planet Dantoinne
with a single blast from his gold-plated Deathstar,
a shocking act of evil.
Admiral Toth destroyed the planet Dantoinne, a peaceful
green world, with a single blast from his gold-plated
Deathstar.
- How are many sentence-level appositives typically or
often puncuated beyond the use of a comma?
- What is a relative clause? Provide an example.
- What is broad reference when it comes
to relative clauses?
- What word always introduces a broad-reference
clause?
- Are broad-reference clauses restrictive
or nonrestrictive?
- How can broad-reference relative clauses
lead to a lack of clarity? Provide an example of such
ambiguity.
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